Value of smart phone-assisted instant telecytopathology for rapid on-site evaluation in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility of smart phone real-time picture exchange-assisted telecytopathology for rapid on-site evaluation (tele-ROSE), and the role of tele-ROSE in improving the diagnostic efficiency of endoscopic physicians.Methods:Data of patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) from April 2020 to May 2021 in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were retrospectively collected. Patients who didn't receive ROSE from April 2020 to October 2020 were enrolled in the non-ROSE group, and those who underwent ROSE from November 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled in the ROSE group, of which endosonographers used WeChat on the smartphone to send ROSE images to cytopathologists from November 2020 to March 2021 were the mobile phone group, and those whose ROSE results independently diagnosed by trained endosonographers from April 2021 to May 2021 were the self-ROSE group. Basic information, ROSE results, postoperative pathology and follow-up were compared, and the diagnostic effectiveness of tele-ROSE was analyzed.Results:A total of 188 cases were included, of which 179 cases (95.2%) were solid pancreatic lesions and 9 (4.8%) were enterocoelia lesions. There was no significant difference in the puncture time among the non-ROSE, mobile phone and self-ROSE groups [3 (3, 4) VS 3 (3, 4) VS 3 (2, 4), H=1.320, P=0.517]. With the final diagnosis as the golden standard, the sensitivity, the specificity, the accuracy, the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and Kappa value of the non-ROSE group were 80.6% (58/72), 89.5% (17/19), 82.4% (75/91), 96.7% (58/60), 54.8% (17/31), and 0.6 respectively. The corresponding indices in the ROSE group were 97.4% (74/76), 100.0% (21/21), 97.9% (95/97), 100.0% (74/74), 91.3% (21/23), and 0.9 respectively, those of the mobile phone group were 95.2% (40/42), 100.0% (10/10), 96.2% (50/52), 100.0% (40/40), 83.3% (10/12), and 0.9 respcetively, and those of the self-ROSE group were 100.0% (34/34), 100.0% (11/11), 100.0% (45/45), 100.0% (34/34), 100.0% (11/11), and 1.0 respectively. The sensitivity ( P=0.002), the accuracy ( P=0.001) and the negative predictive value ( P=0.009) of the ROSE group were significantly higher than those of the non-ROSE group, and there was no significant difference in other diagnostic efficacy indices ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the mobile phone group and the self-ROSE group in diagnostic efficacy ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Instant smartphone-assisted tele-ROSE through WeChat can well meet the needs of pathologists and endoscopic physicians. After the application of tele-ROSE training, the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic physicians is equivalent to that of cytopathologist, which helps to obtain more sufficient specimens under endoscopy and improve the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA.

Value of an online interactive training program for improving cytopathological diagnostic ability of endoscopists in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of pancreas / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To develop an online interactive cytopathological training program, and to evaluate it for improving the cytopathological diagnostic ability of endoscopists in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of pancreas.Methods:A total of 5 500 cytopathological images were collected from 194 patients with pancreatic solid mass who underwent EUS-FNA in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from August 2018 to August 2019. The cell type in each cytopathological picture was labeled by senior cellular pathologists, which was used to build a learning and testing platform for online interactive cytopathological training. Five endoscopists without cytopathological background were invited to participate in this training. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of endoscopists in differential diagnosis of cancer and non-cancer before and after training were compared to evaluate the effect of the online interactive cytopathological training program on improving the ability of endoscopists in diagnosis of cytopathology.Results:A cytopathological training platform for endoscopists to learn and take online test was successfully built. Before training, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of diagnosis of cancer and non-cancer for endoscopists were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.53-0.58), 0.32 (95% CI: 0.30-0.35), 0.43 (95% CI: 0.41-0.45), 0.44 (95% CI: 0.41-0.47) and 0.43 (95% CI: 0.42-0.45), respectively. After training, the above indicators were 0.96 (95% CI: 0.95-0.97), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.68-0.73), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.72-0.76), 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94-0.96) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.80-0.83), respectively, which were significantly improved compared with those before ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The online interactive cytopathological training program can improve the understanding and diagnostic ability of endoscopists in pancreatic cytopathology, help to implement rapid on-site evaluation in the process of EUS-FNA, and improve the diagnostic efficiency of EUS-FNA.

Application value of respiratory endoscopy combined with rapid on-site evaluation in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) technique in the mucosal biopsy under respiratory endoscopy in children with active tuberculosis.Methods:Clinical data of 40 patients with active tuberculosis diagnosed in Department of Respiratory Intervention, Qilu Children′s Hospital, Shandong University from June 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:(1) There were 33 cases of tracheobronchial tuberculosis and 7 cases of tuberculous pleurisy in the 40 cases, among them 9 cases were difficult to diagnose.(2)Among 33 cases of tracheobronchial tuberculosis, 24 cases (72.7%) of caseous necrosis breaking into the lumen, and 9 cases (27.3%) of mucosal swelling and external pressure.Cytological ROSE (C-ROSE) showed granuloma, epithelioid cells and lymphocytic infiltration with all bronchial mucosal biopsies.Different positives results of microbiological ROSE (M-ROSE) in different biopsy parts: positive results were found 6 times at caseous necrosis (13.6%, 6/44 times), 4 times at granulation hyperplasia (12.5%, 4/32 times), 2 times at hyperemia and edema (22.2%, 2/18 times), 0 time at yellow-white necrosis, and 54 times at the junction between lesions and normal mucosa (81.8%, 54/66 times). The mucosal pathology showed granuloma, exudation and necrosis, including 22 cases with tuberculous granuloma, 5 cases with characteristic tuberculous nodules, and 11 cases with positive acid-fast staining.(3)Seven cases of tuberculous pleurisy, serious pleural adhesion, pleural hyperemia and edema were observed under thoracoscopy.After clearing the adhesive tape, scattered caseous miliary nodules were found in pleura in 4 cases with a difficult clinical diagnosis.The C-ROSE of smear on thoracoscopic biopsy were characterized by necrotic and histopathic cell, with multinucleated giant cells, but granuloma was rare.M-ROSE in different parts: 8 times positive for millet nodules (80.0%), 0 time positive for adhesion band, 2 times positive for congestion oedema (14.3%); biopsy pathology showed granuloma and necrosis, with 3 cases characteristic tuberculosis nodules and 2 cases positive for anti-acid staining.(4)Pathogenic microorganisms were detected in 19 children using next generation sequencing (NGS) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin resistance real-time nucleic acid amplification detection technology (Xpert MTB/RIF), including 7 positive for NGS (36.8%), 8 positive (42.1%) and 5 positive for both NGS and Xpert MTB/RIF (26.3%).Conclusions:Respiratory endoscopy combined with ROSE technique has important clinical significance in early diagnosis of active tuberculosis in children, and it is worth of promotion and applying.

Rapid on-site evaluation in CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of peripheral pulmonary nodules / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective: To observe the value of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy of peripheral pulmonary nodules (≤2 cm). Methods: A total of 108 patients with pulmonary nodules who underwent CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. According to the presence or absence of ROSE, they were divided into ROSE group (n=58) and conventional group (n=50). The adequacy of sampling, diagnostic accuracy, complications, secondary biopsy rate and statistical consistency were compared between ROSE and histopathology. Results: The adequacy and diagnostic accuracy in ROSE group were higher than those in conventional group (93.10% [54/58] vs 78.00% [39/50], 89.66% [52/58] vs 74.00% [37/50], both P0.05). The consistency of ROSE and histopathology for benign and malignant lesions was 91.30% (21/23) and 93.33% (28/30), respectively. Conclusion: ROSE can guide puncture sampling without prolonging operation time and increasing complications, so as to ensure the adequacy of sampling, improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce the rate of secondary puncture during biopsy of pulmonary nodules, which has good consistency with histopathology and can make immediate diagnosis.

Research Advances in the Diagnostic Value of Rapid On-site Evaluation in Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Lung Cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

Rapid on-site evaluation(ROSE),an auxiliary sampling quality evaluation technology,can be used to evaluate the adequacy and diagnostic category of samples,judge the histological type of lung cancer,and optimize the gene type of lung cancer.Applying ROSE to endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of suspected lung cancer can improve the puncture success rate and diagnostic rate and reduce complications and puncture attempts.Rose performed via remote cytopathology technology or by trained respiratory specialists may become the future trends.

Utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) with rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) for the molecular classification of progressive breast cancer / Utilidad de la aspiración transbronquial con aguja guiada por ultrasonido endobronquial con evaluación rápida in situ para la clasificación de cáncer de mama progresivo

Abstract Evidence of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in extrathoracic malignancy is limited but emergent. The technique plays a vital role in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions, staging, and restaging of lung cancer. Its usefulness for the evaluation and molecular classification of progressive breast cancer is described in 7 patients. Stations 7, 11L, and 11R were punctured. Cellblocks, immunohistochemistry and digital analysis were developed in 100% of the cases for molecular classification. This procedure requires multidisciplinary evaluation, image analysis, and evaluation of the general condition of the patient, as well as the risks and benefits. Additionally, it is essential teamwork with a pathology group that performs the rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE), in order to ensure the quality of the samples and molecular characterization.

Resumen Evidencia de la aspiración transbronquial con aguja guiada por ultrasonido endobronquial en malignidad extratorácica es limitada pero emergente. Esta técnica desempeña un papel vital en el diagnóstico de lesiones mediastinales, estadificación y reestadificación del cáncer pulmonar. Se describe su utilidad para la evaluación y la clasificación molecular del cáncer de mama en progresión de siete pacientes. Se puncionaron las estaciones (ganglionares) 7, 11L y 11R. Se desarrollaron bloques celulares, inmunohistoquímica y análisis digital en el 100% de los casos para clasificación molecular. Este procedimiento requiere una evaluación multidisciplinaria, análisis de imágenes y la evaluación del estado general de la paciente, lo mismo que los riesgos y los beneficios. Adicionalmente, es esencial el trabajo conjunto con un grupo de patología que realice la evaluación rápida en sala (ROSE), para así asegurar la calidad de las muestras y la caracterización molecular.

A “Back Light System” for Identification of Sites for Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration in Solid Pancreatic Masses: A Prospective, Randomized Study with a Crossover Design

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We applied a back light system (BLS) with a magnifying glass to improve the ability to assess the adequacy of specimen sampling using endosonography. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of the BLS in sampling of specimens by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of solid pancreatic masses. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, crossover, single-center clinical trial. An endosonographer evaluated adequacy on gross visual inspection and identified whitish specimen sampling sites with and without the BLS according to a randomization sequence in the first and second passes with a 25-G needle. On cytological evaluation, the presence of well-defined pancreatic ductal epithelium was evaluated by a cytopathologist who was blinded to any clinical information. RESULTS: A total of 80 consecutive patients were eligible during the study period. Adequacy was observed for 52 specimens (65%) with the BLS and 54 (68%) without the BLS (p=0.88). In assessment of specimen adequacy on gross examination, only fair agreement was observed both with and without BLS (kappa score 0.40 and 0.29, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The BLS did not influence the ability to identify specimen sampling sites or reliable assessment of specimen site adequacy using gross visual inspection.

Application of rapid on-site evaluation in contemporary pediatric interventional respiratory diseases / 中国实用儿科杂志

Rapid on-site evaluation(ROSE)is a cytopathological technique acquiring microsamples through biopsy.ROSE is applied to the quality control of specimens,diagnostic consideration,and further examinations of samples in contemporary paediatric interventional pulmonology. ROSE is still on the initial stage in modern pediatrics,which is divided into cytological ROSE(C-ROSE)and microbiological ROSE(M-ROSE),the latter being more practical. Although it isn't a definite diagnosis,ROSE can guide therapeutic decisions when performing peadiatric bronchoscopy and other inverventional pulmonary operations.

Value of C-ROSE During EBUS-TBNA to Obtain the Tissue Sample in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Most of the patients with lung and (or) mediastinal occupying lesions are considered to be primary lung cancer clinically, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a commonly useful operation to obtain the tissue sample and get definitive diagnosis of pathological tissues. In the EBUS-TBNA process, cytological rapid on-site evaluation (C-ROSE) is a useful technology. The purpose of our study is to discuss the value of C-ROSE in the diagnosis of lung cancer by EBUS-TBNA sampling.@*METHODS@#Retrospective analysis of 141 cases clinical data who were performed with EBUS-TBNA and suspected diagnosis primary lung cancer, which were found have mediastinal and (or) lung lesions (including the enlargement of the lymph nodes/mass) by computed tomography (CT). Among these patients, 81 patients were in the C-ROSE group and 60 patients were in the No C-ROSE group. The message of puncture and complication of EBUS-TBNA with or without C-ROSE were compared. At the same time, we analysis the sensitivity and specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of C-ROSE combined with EBUS-TBNA in that of the diagnosis of lung cancer.@*RESULTS@#We found no statistical difference of the needle passes between C-ROSE group and No C-ROSE group. But in C-ROSE group, specimen qualified rate and diagnostic yields were signicantly higher than No C-ROSE group (98.77% vs 90.00%, 88.89% vs 75.00%, P<0.05), the incidence of complications in the C-ROSE group was signicantly lower than that in the No C-ROSE group (1.23% vs 11.67%, P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of C-ROSE combined with EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung cancer are 92.21%, 100.00%, 100.00% and 40.00%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#EBUS-TBNA combined with C-ROSE can improve the specimen qualified rate and diagnostic rate, also can reduce the complications thus worthy of further promotion.

The study of the feasibility of detecting EGFR,KRAS and PIK3CA genes by ROSE cytological slides in non-small cell lung cancer / 天津医药

Objective To explore the feasibility of EGFR, KRAS and PIK3CA mutation analysis on rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE)cytological slides in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and its clinical value. Methods Seventy-five cases of ROSE cytological slides and paired histological specimens were collected in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. xTAG70plex liquidchip technology was used to analyze the gene mutations of the samples.Results The KRAS mutation was found in histological specimen but not in ROSE cytological slides in one case. The mutation results were the same in histological specimen and ROSE cytological slides in other cases.The consistent rates of the EGFR mutation and KRAS mutation were 100% and 98.7%,respectively. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that xTAG70plex liquidchip technology can be used for the mutation analysis of EGFR,KRAS and PIK3CA genes in non-small cell lung cancer on ROSE cytological slides.

Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration technique guided by rapid on-site evaluation / 天津医药

Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), which has excellent sensitivity and specificity, is one of the key techniques of diagnostic interventional pulmonology. The conventional TBNA (C-TBNA) is routinely operated with ordinary bronchoscopy under local anesthesia. The efficacy of C-TBNA can be improved when rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is used during operating procedure. This paper describes technical essentials of ROSE-based C-TBNA.

The standard operating techniques for diagnostic interventional pulmonology based on rapid on-site evaluation / 天津医药

With the organic combination of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) and interventional pulmonary diagnostic technology, we can build a complete The System of Diagnostic Interventional Pulmonology Based on Rapid on-site Evaluation. With the help of ROSE, changing the ways, methods and modalities of interventional pulmonary diagnostic technology to obtain the target lesions is the core of this system. In this statement, the most commonly used standard operating techniques in The System of Diagnostic Interventional Pulmonology Based on Rapid on-site Evaluation are described in detail, including double-hinge curette operating technique, transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) technique, and transbronchial brushing technique.

The diagnostic value of virtual bronchoscopic navigation, endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath and rapid on-site evaluation for solitary pulmonary nodules / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) under virtual bronchoscopic navigation (direct path), endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (GS) and rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) for solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Methods One hundred and seventy-eight patients who were underwent transbronchial lung biopsy in the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. CT images of all patients showed solitary pulmonary nodules surrounded by lung tissue, and ROSE was undergone during the procedure. The patients were divided into conventional (C-TBLB) group, virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) group, endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (GS) group, and virtual bronchoscopic navigation combined with endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath group (combination) depending on the different devices. The diagnostic yield and the location or the effect of lesion on the diagnostic rate were compared between four groups. The coincidence rate of ROSE and the histopathological findings of TBLB were compared. The value of ROSE for the early diagnosis of disease was further evaluated. Results The diagnostic rates were 32.5％(13/40), 66.7％(24/36), 68.2％(30/44) and 75.8％(44/58) for C-TBLB group, VBN group, GS group and combination group, respectively. There were significant differences in diagnostic rates between C-TBLB group and other tree groups (χ2=8.853, 10.677 and 18.293, P0.008). The diagnostic rates for peripheral pulmonary nodules were 12.5％ (2/16), 42.9％ (6/14), 40.0％ (4/10) and 75.9％(22/29) in C-TBLB group, VBN group, GS group and combination group. The diagnostic rate was significantly higher in combination group than that of other three groups (χ2=17.434, P<0.05). The result of ROSE was consistent with result of histopathology (Kappa = 0.775, P<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of ROSE during transbronchial biopsy for solitary pulmonary nodules were 90.7％, 87.0％, 86.7％, 90.9％ and 88.8％, respectively. No pneumothorax, hemoptysis or other serious complications were found in patients. Conclusion Virtual bronchoscopic navigation, endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath for solitary pulmonary nodules by transbronchial lung biopsy can improve the diagnostic rate of solitary pulmonary nodules.

Evaluación rápida "in situ" de punción con aguja fina guiada por endosonografía mejora rendimiento diagnóstico de lesiones pancreáticas sólidas / Rapid on-site evaluation with endoscopic ultra sound-guided fine needle improves diagnostic yield of solid pancreatic masses

BACKGROUND: The use of endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has improved the characterization and staging of pancreatic solid masses. The primary strategy for improving the ability to diagnose malignant masses is the use of rapid on site evaluation (ROSE) by a cytopathologist. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA after the implementation of ROSE in an academic center. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective enrollment and follow-up of EUS-FNA with ROSE during 2015 and 2016, was compared to EUS-FNA without ROSE in previous years (2011-2014) in Hospital Clínico UCChristus. Clinical and endosonographic features, cytopathological and histological diagnosis and number of passes per procedure were evaluated. All EUS-FNA included cytology and cellular block for definitive diagnosis. RESULTS: 59 pancreatic solid masses were included in the analysis. 44 EUS-FNA were performed with ROSE, compared with 15 EUS-FNA without ROSE. The mean age of patients included was 62.8 years, 54.2% male gender, and most masses studied were in the head of pancreas (77.6%). In EUS 86.5% were hypoechoic and 56.9% had poor defined margins. No differences in baseline characteristics were observed between groups. EUS-FNA led to diagnosis in 86.2% of the overall sample. The diagnostic rate was superior in the group of EUS-FNA with ROSE, compared to EUS-FNA without ROSE (97.7% vs 50%, p < 0.0001). The mean number of passes was inferior in EUS-FNA ROSE (+) (2.71 vs 5.78, p < 0.0001). No differences in rate of complications were observed between groups. CONCLUSION: The use of ROSE associated to EUS-FNA improves the diagnostic yield in the evaluation of pancreatic solid masses. Our findings are consistent with those described in the literature, recommending the use of ROSE in EUS-FNA in centers where the diagnostic yield is less than 90% without the use of ROSE

INTRODUCCIÓN: La adquisición de tejido mediante el uso de endosonografía, con punción con aguja fina, (EUS-FNA) ha mejorado el diagnóstico de lesiones pancreáticas sólidas. La principal medida para aumentar el rendimiento diagnóstico de la EUS-FNA es la evaluación por citopatólogo próximo al lugar de punción (in situ) (técnica conocida en inglés como ROSE "rapid on-site evaluation"). OBJETIVO: Evaluar el rendimiento diagnóstico de EUS-FNA en lesiones pancreáticas sólidas posterior a la implementación de ROSE en un centro universitario. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Registro prospectivo de EUS-FNA realizadas con ROSE durante el período 2015-2016, comparado con EUS-FNA con evaluación histopatológica diferida realizada entre los años 2011-2014, en Hospital Clínico UC-Christus. Se evaluaron características clínicas, endosonográficas, diagnóstico histopatológico y número de pases por procedimiento. Todas las EUS-FNA incluyeron citología y block celular para diagnóstico definitivo. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron en el análisis 59 lesiones pancreáticas sólidas evaluadas con EUS-FNA. Seguimiento prospectivo de 44 EUS-FNA con ROSE, que fueron comparadas con 15 EUS-FNA sin evaluación in situ (retrospectivo). La muestra total incluyó individuos con un promedio de 62,8 años de edad, 54,2% hombres, donde 77,6% de las lesiones se ubicaba en la cabeza pancreática. Endosonográficamente 86,5% de las lesiones eran hipoecoicas y 56,9% tenían márgenes poco definidos. La EUS-FNA fue diagnóstica en 86,2% del total de la muestra. Las EUS-FNA realizadas con ROSE presentaron un mayor rendimiento diagnóstico respecto a las efectuadas sin evaluación in situ (97,7% vs 50%, p < 0,0001). El número de pases por procedimiento fue menor (2,7% vs 5,8%, p < 0,0001) en el grupo con ROSE. No hubo diferencias en complicaciones en ambos grupos. CONCLUSIÓN: La evaluación por citopatólogo in situ de la muestra obtenida por EUS-FNA mejora el rendimiento diagnóstico de las lesiones pancreáticas sólidas. Nuestros hallazgos apoyan el uso de ROSE asociado a EUS-FNA, siendo concordantes con las recomendaciones actuales de utilizar evaluación histopatológica in situ en EUS-FNA, especialmente en centros donde el rendimiento diagnóstico sin uso de ROSE es menor a 90%.

Rapid on-site evaluation in pulmonology / 中国医师进修杂志

Rapid on- site evaluation (ROSE) had gradually become an essential tool in interventional section, especially in pulmonary diseases. People were no longer limited to routine endoscopic operation. ROSE combined with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) enhanced the diagnostic efficiency and diagnostic accuracy of routine bronchoscopes, endobronchial ultrasound- guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and percutaneous lung biopsy. ROSE can read out the specimen on site , give preliminary diagnosis, and provide help for next operation. The ROSE included cytological ROSE (C-ROSE) and microbiological ROSE (M-ROSE). Now in clinic, C-ROSE was used more broadly. C-ROSE expanded the check range of routine endoscopic operation, and it had been proven to be safe and useful tools.

It’s Time for This“ROSE”to Flower:Rapid on Site Evaluation in Interventional Pulmonology / 天津医药

Rapid on site evaluation (ROSE) technology of interventional pulmonology includes“cytological ROSE”(C-ROSE) and“microbiological ROSE”(M-ROSE). Recently, this“ROSE”has gradually become one of core technologies in modern interventional pulmonology. In this commentary, perspectives on origin and development, classification and clini-cal value, operational approach, clinical application, and how to carry out effective work related to ROSE were summarized and remarked.

Transbronchial needle aspiration with rapid on-site evaluation: A prospective study on efficacy, feasibility and cost effectiveness.

Background. Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) has an established role in diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal lesions. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of TBNA smears can determine the adequacy of TBNA smears that can obviate the need for repeat procedures, thus avoiding added cost. There is paucity of data from India showing efficacy and cost-effectiveness of ROSE. Hence, this study was carried out to assess the efficacy, feasibility and cost implications of ROSE assisted TBNA. Methods. Forty consecutive patients undergoing TBNA were enrolled and ROSE was performed on TBNA smears. The results were analysed using a comparative study design. Results. It was found that 45% of patients would have required a repeat bronchoscopy due to inadequacy of material, if ROSE was not used. Inadequate smears were more common in benign aetiologies than malignant ones. TBNA of mass lesions and lesions with endoluminal bulge give better results than TBNA of lymph nodes and without endoluminal bulge. Conclusions. ROSE was found to increase the yield of TBNA and help to prevent repeat procedures. It proved to be simple, cost-effective and feasible in Indian settings.

Cytotechnologists and On-Site Evaluation of Adequacy

While fine needle aspiration (FNA) is certainly not a new biopsy technique, recent developments in advanced imaging techniques, molecular testing, and targeted therapies have coincided with a rapid increase in the number of FNA procedures being performed. Concurrently, the demand for on-site evaluation of adequacy (OSEA) has also increased, outstripping the capacity of available cytopathologists at some institutions. Among the several alternatives to cytopathologist-performed OSEA, cytotechnologist-attended OSEA stands out because it preserves the representation of the pathology service at the time of the procedure. Herein, we review the current literature about OSEA and the necessity of cytotechnologists to expand access of this useful pathology service to a broader patient population. We also examine how cytotechnologists are likely to fit into the emerging practice of telecytology.